Higher Bodinnar settlement | The Giant's Holt


Higher Bodinnar, near Sancreed, preserves the remains of a substantial Iron Age and Romano-British settlement. The site lies on south-facing slopes between 180 and 205 metres above sea level and includes traces of courtyard houses, hut circles, enclosures, a fogou, and a field system covering at least 12 hectares. Although many of the remains are now slight, the settlement was once an important part of the later prehistoric landscape of West Cornwall. The site was recorded by antiquarians, including Thomas Tonkin and William Borlase, in the eighteenth century. They noted at least three major courtyard houses, one of which appeared to include a fogou. By the nineteenth century, the settlement was known locally as “The Crellar” and had already fallen into ruin. Borlase’s 1872 sketch plan was important because it recorded the structures within their wider landscape rather than treating them as isolated remains. The fogou at Higher Bodinnar was known in local tradition as the Giant’s Holt. Borlase described entering it in 1738 and recorded stone-lined walls, capstones, and a branching side passage, although parts were already collapsed. By the mid nineteenth century, much of the fogou had been destroyed, with stones removed for hedge building. Today, only a shallow depression remains, but folklore recalls it as a place inhabited by spriggans who guarded hidden treasure and frightened children. Around the settlement are several rounds and enclosures, visible as curving earthworks and now better understood through aerial photography and Lidar survey. These features suggest a clustered community set within a wider agricultural landscape of fields and trackways. Finds from the area, including Roman coins, pottery, a mortarium, a socketed stone, and a quern, show that the site remained active during the Roman period and had wider economic connections. The landscape also contains earlier Bronze Age features, including cists and burial remains, showing that Higher Bodinnar had significance long before the courtyard houses were built. Although the surviving remains are now fragmentary, the combination of houses, enclosures, fogou, field systems, burials, and later folklore makes the site an important part of Cornwall’s prehistoric and Romano-British story. Higher Bodinnar shows how archaeology, landscape, and oral tradition can combine to preserve the memory of an ancient community.
